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Keep, renovate, demolish
Shanghai's approach to its old housing has shifted over the years. Large-scale clearance dominated for a long time; from around 2017 the city's policy emphasized combining preservation, renovation and demolition — keeping historic buildings and streetscapes where possible, renovating some to improve living conditions, and demolishing others. Each choice has critics. Keeping façades while moving residents out can leave handsome but empty streets; renovating so residents can stay is slow and costly; demolition improves housing but erases neighborhoods. Architects, historians, officials and residents weigh these differently, and many projects end in compromise. The lesson gives 陆琳's view and the criticism of it side by side. Her phrase — nobody is entirely satisfied — goes into the film with the context she asked for.