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Half a proverb, and three proverbs for one idea
Two things about ことわざ are worth more than a list of them. The first is that they are spoken in fragments. 石の上にも, and a pause, and the listener supplies 三年 — saying the whole thing marks you as explaining it, which is what you do for children and foreigners. So the useful skill is recognizing first halves: 急がば, 出る杭は, 七転び. The second is that the same idea often has several proverbs, and the choice between them is a choice about who you are talking to. For 'even the expert gets it wrong' there are at least three: 猿も木から落ちる, which is plain; 弘法も筆の誤り, which invokes Kūkai, the monk whose calligraphy was the standard, and is therefore the respectful one; and 河童の川流れ, which puts a water spirit out of its depth and is the funny one. Children meet them as a card game — いろはかるた deals out forty-odd proverbs, one per kana — which is why an adult can finish any of them and why none of them ever need finishing. The one every foreign book quotes, 出る杭は打たれる, is real but is used far more often as a complaint about Japan than as advice in it.